Scrying is the practice of looking into a suitable medium – such as a mirror, a crystal ball or a water-filled bowl – to detect messages or visions.
Traditionally, scrying has been used in attempts to reveal the past, the future or possible futures, as well as to receive personal guidance, revelations or inspiration. Scrying has been carried out in many different cultures around the globe and is still practised today.

Some practitioners believe that their visions come from their own subconscious, while others believe that they come from supernatural sources, such as gods, angels, demons, spirits or similar.
There is no evidence that scrying works but this have not prevented the method to be used by everything from desperate police departments to greedy day traders. Several big banks around the world have tried to use scrying and other supernatural methods to improve their profits while trading. They have always ended up losing money. The key to earning money on the stock and currency market is to know more than everyone else. Supernatural shortcuts will ever work.
Which media are used for scrying?
A wide range of media are used and have been used, for scrying. The preferred media vary a lot between different cultures and also between individual practitioners. The chosen media tend to be reflective, refractive, translucent or luminescent, but this isn’t always the case.
Some scrying media readily suggests imagery, e.g. the shapes and figures naturally formed in log fire. Other media distort or reflect the scryer’s vision. There are also scrying techniques that involve reducing visual stimuli to very low thresholds. Some scryers simply look into the dark or up towards the sky or close their eyes, notionally “looking” at the inside of their own eyelids.
Examples of commonly used media for scrying:
- Crystal
- Crystal ball
- Obsidian or other reflective dark surface
- Mirror
- Water surface, e.g. a pond or water in a ball
- A cloudy liquid
- Smoke
- Vapor / Steam
- Fire
- Glowing embers
Some practitioners assert that the scrying medium, such as a crystal ball exposed to light, helps them focus attention in the same way that repeating a mantra or concentrating on a mandala would. Once they have entered a state of intense focus, the free association can be carried out with the perceived images.
Scrying and psychoactive plants
In some traditions, psychoactive plants are utilized by the scryer to facilitate or aid in the scrying process.
On the other end of the spectrum, there are practitioners who strictly prohibit the use of any psychoactive substances (weak or strong, natural or artificial) in association with scrying, claiming that their presence invalidates any image or vision experienced by the scryer.
Catch a glimps of your future husband
A widespread European practice, which is still (more or less seriously) carried out today, encourages young women to gaze into a mirror in a darkened room to catch a glimpse of their future husbands. If the girl is destined to never marry, she will see a skull in the mirror instead of the face of a living human.
In many traditions, this scrying can only take place on a certain night, e.g. New Years’ Eve, Midsummer’s Eve or All Hallows’ Eve. There might also be certain ceremonial actions that the girl has to carry out right before the scrying, such as walking backwards up a dark flight of stairs in complete silence.
Scrying in the Bible
In the Bible (Old Testament), a silver chalice is described as being used by Joseph for scrying. This chalice is placed in Benjamin’s sack before he leaves Egypt, to make it easier for him to pass himself off as an Egyptian nobleman.
Scrying was a practice well known at the time. It was an important aspect of Egyptian culture but forbidden by Hebrew law.
Scrying in Persia
In Persian mythology, the Cup of Jamshid is a cup used for divination. According to legend, it was owned by the rulers of ancient Greater Iran. There are many Persian stories and poems where this cup and its powers are mentioned, and many authors state that the success of the Persian Empire hinged on this cup and its proper usage of it by the ruling monarch.
Legends tell us that the Cup of Jamshid had been found in Persepolis and that it was filled not with water but with an elixir of immortality. By looking into this liquid, the scryer could observe the seven layers of the universe and reveal deep truths.
Scrying and the Latter Day Saints
Josepth Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, claimed to have obtained religious information from the reflections of seer stones. Smith had at least three seer stones, of which his favourite one was a brownstone that he had come upon while excavating a well for a neighbour.
At first, before he founded a religious movement, Smith used his seer stones to try and find treasures. He would place a stone in his hat and then put his face into the hat, creating a darkish space where he would engage in scrying by staring at the reflections of the stone.
According to Smith, he had access to a set of spectacles composed of seer stones. These, he called Urim and Thummim. It was only by looking through these stones that he could accurately translate and understand the golden plates that would become the source of the Book of Mormon.
Nostradamus the scryer
The French apothecary Nostradamus (Michel de Nostredame) used scrying when writing his famous predictions about the future. He would look onto either a bowl of water or a mirror and fall into a trance in which future events were allegedly revealed to him. His most famous work is the book “Les Propheties”, a collection of 942 poetic quatrains about the future, first published in 1555.
Mesoamerican scryers
In, several of the old Mesoamerican cultures, mirrors were used for scrying and were also believed to be symbolically connected to the sun. These traditions have survived into our days, with some contemporary Mesoamerican healers using mirrors, jade balls or glass balls for scrying. In some parts of Mesoamerica, such an object is known as a zaztun.
Scrying: Historical Artifacts, Cognitive Evidence & Scientific Hypotheses
Analysis of documented archaeological records, historical practice, parapsychological testing, and neurobiological models
| Category of Inquiry | Evidence Type | Primary Case / Artifact | Observed Findings & Evidentiary Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Archaeology & Antiquity Material Culture | Verified Artifacts |
Aztec Obsidian Mirrors & Celtic Specula British Museum / Mesoamerican excavations |
Confirms widespread global practice across unrelated civilizations. High-status polished obsidian disks (associated with the Aztec deity Tezcatlipoca) and bronze water bowls demonstrate that reflective scrying was universally integrated into political and spiritual hierarchies. |
| Renaissance Statecraft Documentary Record | Historical Text |
John Dee & Edward Kelley Diaries Sloane MSS 3188/3189, British Library |
Extensive, contemporary recorded transcripts (1582–1589) of visions in a crystal “shew-stone.” While providing documentation of the Enochian language and political counsel for Elizabeth I, external correlation with verifiable objective events yields ambiguous predictive results, reflecting subjective reportage. |
| Clinical Psychology Sensory Deprivation | Empirical Science |
The Ganzfeld & Troxler Effects Sensory physiology & neural habituation |
Demonstrates that staring into a featureless, uniform, or dimly lit reflective field causes retinal adaptation and perceptual fading (Troxler’s fading). In the absence of varied visual inputs, the visual cortex amplifies internal neural noise, generating vivid pseudo-hallucinations and hypnagogic imagery. |
| Cognitive Neuroscience Autoscopic Phenomena | Lab Replicable |
Caputo Mirror-Gazing Experiments Dr. Giovanni Caputo, University of Urbino (2010) |
Subjects who gazed into a mirror under low illumination for 10 minutes reported dramatic facial illusions within 60 seconds (66% monstrous deformations, 28% archetypal faces). Confirms that scrying phenomena are robustly reproducible via disruption of the brain’s facial recognition network (fusiform gyrus). |
| Psychiatry & Trauma Grief Therapy | Clinical Trials |
The Psychomanteum Protocol Dr. Raymond Moody (1990s) / Replications |
A standardized dark room with a tilted mirror angled to reflect darkness. Between 40% and 50% of participants experienced vivid apparent apparitions or encounters with deceased relatives, demonstrating scrying’s utility as a catalyst for dissociative processing and bereavement reduction. |
| Parapsychology Anomalous Cognition | Statistical Tests |
Double-Blind Remote Viewing Tests Society for Psychical Research (SPR) trials |
Attempts to validate clairvoyant information retrieval via crystal balls against randomized, hidden targets generally fail to deviate significantly from chance when strict blinding is enforced. The evidence suggests scrying acts as an internal cognitive amplifier rather than an external information receiver. |
